I haven't quite understood your configuration but when you ssh to the company server you should be able to set up a ssh tunnel so that you can use browser to access company webserver.
You do not need to set up /etc/hosts on your local machine. Using the ssh parameter
-L port:host:hostport
All traffic to port on localhost is tunnelled to host/hostport on the remote. So, when you do
ssh -L 80:web-server:80 user@ssh-server -p 22
http://localhost
will be redirected to the web-server:80
. Note that the hostport is translated on the remote server, i.e. the ssh server.
-p 22
is not needed if the ssh server uses the default port, but the question does say that the SSH server goes through a custom port. In that case, change 22
for the custom port.
If the system complains that Privileged ports can only be forwarded by root, run it as superuser:
sudo ssh -L 80:web-server:80 user@ssh-server -p 12345
or log as root.